Tripwireを使ってみる
Tripwireを使ったことが無かったので、試してみることにしました。
CentOS6.5(64bit版)で試したときのメモです。
インストール
EPELリポジトリにRPMパッケージがあるので、これを使用します。
# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm # yum install tripwire
設定
「/etc/tripwire/tw.cfg」を修正します。初期設定から以下を修正しました。
LOOSEDIRECTORYCHECKING =true REPORTLEVEL =4
「tripwire-setup-keyfiles」コマンドを使い、サイトパスフレーズとローカルパスフレーズを入力します。
署名済みのポリシーファイル/設定ファイルも同時に作成されます。
# tripwire-setup-keyfiles ---------------------------------------------- The Tripwire site and local passphrases are used to sign a variety of files, such as the configuration, policy, and database files. Passphrases should be at least 8 characters in length and contain both letters and numbers. See the Tripwire manual for more information. ---------------------------------------------- Creating key files... (When selecting a passphrase, keep in mind that good passphrases typically have upper and lower case letters, digits and punctuation marks, and are at least 8 characters in length.) Enter the site keyfile passphrase: Verify the site keyfile passphrase: Generating key (this may take several minutes)...Key generation complete. (When selecting a passphrase, keep in mind that good passphrases typically have upper and lower case letters, digits and punctuation marks, and are at least 8 characters in length.) Enter the local keyfile passphrase: Verify the local keyfile passphrase: Generating key (this may take several minutes)...Key generation complete. ---------------------------------------------- Signing configuration file... Please enter your site passphrase: Wrote configuration file: /etc/tripwire/tw.cfg A clear-text version of the Tripwire configuration file: /etc/tripwire/twcfg.txt has been preserved for your inspection. It is recommended that you move this file to a secure location and/or encrypt it in place (using a tool such as GPG, for example) after you have examined it. ---------------------------------------------- Signing policy file... Please enter your site passphrase: Wrote policy file: /etc/tripwire/tw.pol A clear-text version of the Tripwire policy file: /etc/tripwire/twpol.txt has been preserved for your inspection. This implements a minimal policy, intended only to test essential Tripwire functionality. You should edit the policy file to describe your system, and then use twadmin to generate a new signed copy of the Tripwire policy. Once you have a satisfactory Tripwire policy file, you should move the clear-text version to a secure location and/or encrypt it in place (using a tool such as GPG, for example). Now run "tripwire --init" to enter Database Initialization Mode. This reads the policy file, generates a database based on its contents, and then cryptographically signs the resulting database. Options can be entered on the command line to specify which policy, configuration, and key files are used to create the database. The filename for the database can be specified as well. If no options are specified, the default values from the current configuration file are used.
データベースを初期化します。ポリシーファイルには設定されているが、実際には存在しないファイルがあるため、エラーが出ますが、今回は気にしないことにします。
# tripwire --init Please enter your local passphrase: Parsing policy file: /etc/tripwire/tw.pol Generating the database... *** Processing Unix File System *** ### Warning: File system error. ### Filename: /dev/kmem ### \xe3\x81\x9d\xe3\x81\xae\xe3\x82\x88\xe3\x81\x86\xe3\x81\xaa\xe3\x83\x95\xe3\x82\xa1\xe3\x82\xa4\xe3\x83\xab\xe3\x82\x84\xe3\x83\x87\xe3\x82\xa3\xe3\x83\xac\xe3\x82\xaf\xe3\x83\x88\xe3\x83\xaa\xe3\x81\xaf\xe3\x81\x82\xe3\x82\x8a\xe3\x81\xbe\xe3\x81\x9b\xe3\x82\x93 ### Continuing... ### Warning: File system error. ### Filename: /proc/ksyms ### \xe3\x81\x9d\xe3\x81\xae\xe3\x82\x88\xe3\x81\x86\xe3\x81\xaa\xe3\x83\x95\xe3\x82\xa1\xe3\x82\xa4\xe3\x83\xab\xe3\x82\x84\xe3\x83\x87\xe3\x82\xa3\xe3\x83\xac\xe3\x82\xaf\xe3\x83\x88\xe3\x83\xaa\xe3\x81\xaf\xe3\x81\x82\xe3\x82\x8a\xe3\x81\xbe\xe3\x81\x9b\xe3\x82\x93 (略) ### Continuing... ### Warning: File system error. ### Filename: /dev/initctl ### \xe3\x81\x9d\xe3\x81\xae\xe3\x82\x88\xe3\x81\x86\xe3\x81\xaa\xe3\x83\x95\xe3\x82\xa1\xe3\x82\xa4\xe3\x83\xab\xe3\x82\x84\xe3\x83\x87\xe3\x82\xa3\xe3\x83\xac\xe3\x82\xaf\xe3\x83\x88\xe3\x83\xaa\xe3\x81\xaf\xe3\x81\x82\xe3\x82\x8a\xe3\x81\xbe\xe3\x81\x9b\xe3\x82\x93 ### Continuing... Wrote database file: /var/lib/tripwire/localhost.localdomain.twd The database was successfully generated.
実際にチェックしてみます。
# tripwire --check Parsing policy file: /etc/tripwire/tw.pol *** Processing Unix File System *** Performing integrity check... Wrote report file: /var/lib/tripwire/report/localhost.localdomain-20140113-153818.twr Open Source Tripwire(R) 2.4.1 Integrity Check Report Report generated by: root Report created on: 2014年01月13日 15時38分18秒 Database last updated on: Never =============================================================================== Report Summary: =============================================================================== Host name: localhost.localdomain Host IP address: 127.0.0.1 Host ID: None Policy file used: /etc/tripwire/tw.pol Configuration file used: /etc/tripwire/tw.cfg Database file used: /var/lib/tripwire/localhost.localdomain.twd Command line used: tripwire --check =============================================================================== Rule Summary: =============================================================================== ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Section: Unix File System ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rule Name Severity Level Added Removed Modified --------- -------------- ----- ------- -------- Invariant Directories 66 0 0 0 Temporary directories 33 0 0 0 * Tripwire Data Files 100 1 0 0 Critical devices 100 0 0 0 User binaries 66 0 0 0 Tripwire Binaries 100 0 0 0 Critical configuration files 100 0 0 0 Libraries 66 0 0 0 Operating System Utilities 100 0 0 0 Critical system boot files 100 0 0 0 File System and Disk Administraton Programs 100 0 0 0 Kernel Administration Programs 100 0 0 0 Networking Programs 100 0 0 0 System Administration Programs 100 0 0 0 Hardware and Device Control Programs 100 0 0 0 System Information Programs 100 0 0 0 Application Information Programs 100 0 0 0 Shell Related Programs 100 0 0 0 Critical Utility Sym-Links 100 0 0 0 Shell Binaries 100 0 0 0 System boot changes 100 0 0 0 OS executables and libraries 100 0 0 0 Security Control 100 0 0 0 Login Scripts 100 0 0 0 Root config files 100 0 0 0 Total objects scanned: 10625 Total violations found: 1 =============================================================================== Object Summary: =============================================================================== ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Section: Unix File System ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rule Name: Tripwire Data Files (/var/lib/tripwire) Severity Level: 100 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Added: "/var/lib/tripwire/localhost.localdomain.twd.bak" =============================================================================== Error Report: =============================================================================== ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Section: Unix File System ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. File system error. Filename: /dev/kmem \xe3\x81\x9d\xe3\x81\xae\xe3\x82\x88\xe3\x81\x86\xe3\x81\xaa\xe3\x83\x95\xe3\x82\xa1\xe3\x82\xa4\xe3\x83\xab\xe3\x82\x84\xe3\x8 3\x87\xe3\x82\xa3\xe3\x83\xac\xe3\x82\xaf\xe3\x83\x88\xe3\x83\xaa\xe3\x81\xaf\xe3\x81\x82\xe3\x82\x8a\xe3\x81\xbe\xe3\x81\x9b\xe3\x8 2\x93 2. File system error. (略) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *** End of report *** Open Source Tripwire 2.4 Portions copyright 2000 Tripwire, Inc. Tripwire is a registered trademark of Tripwire, Inc. This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details use --version. This is free software which may be redistributed or modified only under certain conditions; see COPYING for details. All rights reserved. Integrity check complete.
レポートは「/var/lib/tripwire/report」以下に出力されます。
レポートを表示するには以下のようにします。
# tripwire -m -u -r localhost.localdomain-20140113-152620.twr
設定ファイル/キーファイルの移動
実運用を考えると、以下のファイルを移動する必要がありますね。
- 設定ファイル
- /etc/tripwire/twcfg.txt
- /etc/tripwire/twpol.txt
- ローカルキー/サイトキー
- /etc/tripwire/localhost.localdomain-local.key
- /etc/tripwire/site.key
今日はこんなところで。